Disaster Management Processes

Disaster management processes define rules and plinths, which aim to minimize any damage that may or will happen during a disaster. It's possible to examine these processes in five crucial sections:

• Prevention,

• Mitigation,

• Preparedness,

• Response,

• Recovery.

Prevention

The prevention phase may not always be possible. However, it's the most effective way of dealing with natural disasters such as floods. The prevention phase consists of the analysis of potential dangers and the creation of disincentive planning. This planning is not always in the material sense, the education of individuals and the planning of in-disaster actions.

Examples may include:

• City planning according to floods,

• Raising awareness regarding potential natural disasters in the area,

• Planning escape routes for schools and other civil buildings.

Mitigation

The mitigation phase aims to minimize the human cost of disasters that may happen. Intertwined with the prevention phase, this step also consists of pre-disaster measures.

Examples may include:

• Creating procedures and codes for disaster-resistant buildings

• Landslide, risk reduction nets,

• Avalance risk reduction measures such as planned snowslips.

Preparedness

During a disaster, panic is inevitable. To mitigate the confusion and mayhem, various drills may be performed. The preparedness phase consists of drills and similar to prepare individuals for what is to come, during natural/unnatural disasters.

Examples include:

• Evacuation drills,

• Earthquake drills

• Fire escape and extinguishment drills

Such drills may be organized by:

• Governmental bodies,

• NGO's

• and thriving individuals.

Response

The response phase, more specifically the short-term response phase consists of the actions taken by authorities in the immediate aftermath of disasters to mitigate the negative effects.

Examples include:

• Temporary housing: Nearly all of the natural disasters result in the displacement of civilians. Providing temporary shelters is crucial to ensure safety in the affected areas.

• Emergency healthcare: The present healthcare systems and materials may not be enough for crises, or may be damaged by the disasters. Providing emergency healthcare services is not only important for the victims but for all humans residing in close areas.

• Search and rescue operations: Search and rescue operations rely heavily on individuals with professional education regarding the situation. The debris formed by disasters results in various physical and psychological illnesses. Therefore it's essential to minimize the time spent under the debris.

• Nutritional help: Food supplies are easily affected by natural disasters. If not provided, the lack of nutrition may cause the death toll to be even higher. Depending on the perimeters of effect, the supplies of entire countries may be threatened, thus, careful planning is essential.

Recovery

The recovery phase is a long-term mitigation phase that spans economic, psychological, and natural areas of our world. Careful planning and resource management is required as sometimes natural disasters result in country-wide crises.

Examples include:

• Psychological help for individuals: Trauma and similar psychological problems result in various damages, sometimes in death. Normalization and integration of individuals are crucial for the future of humanity. Thus, the veracious of steps are taken by experts.

• Economic help for small businesses: Small businesses may not have the funds to mitigate the effects of disasters. Economic help for these businesses plays an important role in the normalization process.

• Housing options for the displaced: Civilians staying in temporary houses should be replaced in

• Restoration of civic services: Civic services in affected areas may come to a halt. From healthcare to transportation, the restoration of these services is a crucial part of the normalization efforts.

The damages and thus the recovery process' differ from disaster to disaster. This document only highlights the structure and some aspects of the cycle. Disaster specific cycles are created on demand by experts, by taking the data available on the area and combining it with the conjunctures present.